Isimo sokuthuthuka sezakhiwo zesakhiwo sensimbi zokuhlala

Isikhathi eside, D ure ukuntuleka kwensimbi eChina, ukusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo zensimbi yokwakha kuvinjelwe, ukuze ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlaka zensimbi kukhawulelwe ezweni elincane kakhulu labalandeli, kanye nenani lensimbi elisetshenzisiwe kulo Izakhi zensimbi zokwakha zibalwa ngengxenye ephansi kakhulu yomphumela wensimbi. Ngo-1996, okukhishwa kwensimbi yaseChina kwedlule okokuqala, ngonyaka we-1998 kufinyelele kumathani ensimbi ayizigidi eziyi-114.34, kanye nokwanda kwaminyaka yonke kungamathani ayizigidi ezintathu, kwakha ithuba elihle kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwensimbi yokwakha yaseChina   isakhiwo. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kokukhiqizwa kwensimbi kanye nesidingo esiqhubekayo sezakhiwo eziluhlaza nezemvelo, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi esakhiweni esikhulu sezakhiwo zokuhlala kungenxa yomlando wokuhlala ngenxa yomlando. I-China isheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yezezindlu zezinhlangano zezinhlangano zezinhlelo zensimbi, ukuthuthukiswa kokumiswa kwayo, ukuthuthukiswa, ukusebenzisana, ubuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe kanye nokuthengiswa kwezentengiselwano kwemboni yesimanjemanje. Kuyabonakala kusengaphambili ukuthi maduze nje, kuzoba nokuqhuma okusha ekuthuthukisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezindlu zezinhlaka zensimbi. Njengamanje, ngemuva kokucwaninga okubanzi kwasekhaya kanye nokuhlaziywa kokuhlola, uhlelo lokuphumula olujwayelekile lwensimbi lusetshenziselwa izindlu ezinhle zombango, ezinobunzima obuhlukile, ziqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlelo zokuhlala ezijwayelekile, izici eziphambili yilezi:

1. isisindo esikhanyayo, esinganciphisa isisindo sezakhiwo cishe ngama-30% - silungele ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo eziphakeme kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomthamo ophansi wezwe kanye nokuqina kwezomnotho okuphezulu, izinzuzo zalo zezomnotho eziphelele zingcono kunendawo yokuhlala ejwayelekile uhlelo wokwakha.

2. Ukuhlelwa okuguqukayo, ukuvula okukhulu, ukuze uhlobo lwegumbi lucebile, lungakhulisa indawo yokwakha cishe i-3%, 5%. Ngokuvumelana nezimo okugcwele, ukuguqulwa kanye nokuvikeleka, kuyasiza ukufeza izidingo eziphilayo zabantu banamuhla, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zemakethe zezindlu zanamuhla.

3. Ukukhiqizwa Kwefekthri kungaba lula ukufeza ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, ukukhiqizwa kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesisindo, futhi kuthuthukise umkhiqizo wabasebenzi.

4. Isikhathi sokwakha sifinyezwa kakhulu. Ngokocwaningo, isikhathi sokwakha ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sensimbi singafinyezwa ngesigamu ukwedlula ukwakhiwa kokhonkolo, ukunciphisa inani lomsebenzi omanzi, nenkomba yalo yokonga amandla ingafinyelela ngo-50%, ikhombisa uhlelo oluhlaza okotshani olunobungani.

Izindlu zesakhiwo zensimbi zilungele ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu okuphezulu emafektri, futhi izinga lokuthuthuka kwezimboni kanye nokuhweba kuhlale kuthuthukiswa, okungahlanganisa ukuklama, ukukhiqiza, ukwakhiwa kanye nokufakwa. Futhi, izinga lokukhiqizwa kwezindlu lingathuthukiswa. Ngokusekelwe ezinzuzweni ezingenhla, izakhiwo zensimbi zizothola amathuba amahle okuthuthuka emakethe yokuhlala.